An acute injury to a hamstring muscle can occur anywhere, but most commonly it occurs in the middle of the muscle, where the tendon and muscle tissues intersect. Less common are injuries in which the hamstring tendon breaks away from the bone.
These injuries are called hamstring avulsions and typically occur at the top of the hamstring proximal hamstring. Tears of the myotendinous junction. For runners, hamstring injuries most commonly occur in the mid-thigh, along the myotendinous junction of the biceps femoris muscle. Hamstring avulsions. When a tendon tears away from the place it inserts into a bone, it is called an avulsion injury.
Avulsion literally means to pull or tear away. Sometimes the tendon can pull away a small bone fragment, usually from the ischial tuberosity. Avulsion injuries can happen at the top proximal origin or the bottom distal insertion of a hamstring muscle, but are more likely proximally at the hamstring origin. While patients with middle myotendinous hamstring injuries normally can be treated without surgery conservatively , those with high hamstring injuries or proximal hamstring avulsions are more likely to require surgery.
Chronic High Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathy. Acute Injury: Additional Treatment Considerations. Hamstring injury can occur in runners and in dancers as well. Self-care measures such as rest, ice and over-the-counter pain medications are often all you need to relieve the pain and swelling associated with a hamstring injury.
Rarely, surgery may be needed to repair a hamstring muscle or tendon. A hamstring injury typically causes a sudden, sharp pain in the back of your thigh. You might also feel a "popping" or tearing sensation. Swelling and tenderness usually develop within a few hours.
You may also experience bruising or discoloration along the back of your leg, as well as muscle weakness or an inability to put weight on your injured leg. Mild hamstring strains can be treated at home. But you should see a doctor if you can't bear any weight on your injured leg or if you can't walk more than four steps without significant pain. The hamstring muscles are a group of three muscles that run along the back of your thigh from your hip to just below your knee.
After you play, do some static stretches where you gently stretch your muscles, holding each stretch for 30 seconds or more. Keep your muscles strong and flexible year-round. Get regular exercise and adopt a good stretching program so your muscles don't get a shock when you do an intense workout.
Increase the duration and intensity of your exercise slowly. If you feel pain in your thigh, stop your activity immediately.
If you're worried that you might have strained your hamstring, give it time to rest and don't go back to your activity until your leg feels strong, you have no pain, and you can move your injured leg as freely as the other one. What's the Treatment for a Hamstring Strain? Limit the amount of walking you do, and try to avoid putting weight on your leg if your doctor recommends this. Use a bag of ice or a cold compress to help reduce swelling for the first 48 hours after the injury.
This should begin as soon as possible after the injury and then every 3 to 4 hours for 20 to 30 minutes at a time until the swelling is gone. Wrap the ice or ice pack in a towel. Don't put ice or ice packs directly on the skin because it can cause tissue damage. C ompress. Use elastic bandages or sports wraps to help support your leg and keep the swelling down if your doctor recommends doing so.
Doctors recommend using elastic compression bandages instead of compression shorts because you can adjust the bandages as needed. E levate. When you are sitting or lying down, keep your leg elevated. Take pain medicine. Ibuprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSAIDs can help relieve pain and reduce swelling in the leg.
What is a hamstring tear or strain? Types of a hamstring tear or strain Grade 1 — mild injury that heals within a couple weeks. Grade 2 — moderate injury that is typically a partial tear in the muscle; patients are likely to limp when walking and will have occasional twinges of pain during activity. Grade 3 — severe injury where the muscle is completely torn or a lump of muscle tissue is torn, and can take months to heal.
Causes of a hamstring tear or strain Hamstring tears or strains are typically caused by stretching the soft tissues and muscle beyond their limits. Other causes of hamstring tears or strains: Limited or lack of warm-up before exercising Poor muscle strength or muscle fatigue Tight hip flexors or weak glutes Differences in leg length Poor flexibility Risk factors for a hamstring tear or strain Risk factors of a hamstring tear or strain are similar to the causes.
Other risk factors of a hamstring tear or strain include: Age — as you get older, you are at higher risk of a pulled hamstring. Previous injury — patients with previous hamstring injuries are at higher risk for a future hamstring injury.
Certain sports — sports that require sprinting or sudden change in direction put patients at a higher risk for suffering a hamstring tear or strain. Symptoms of a hamstring tear or strain The immediate symptom of a hamstring tear or strain is a sudden, sharp pain in the back of the upper leg.
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